INDEPENDENT RESEARCH & EXPERIMENTAL ENGINEERING

What foundations
does intelligence
need?

Exploring the physical and mathematical foundations of intelligence—and the complex systems through which it emerges.

DATATOMIC / INTELLIGENCE · MATTER · INFORMATION
OBSERVATION · THEORY · EXPERIMENTStart with a question.
01Intelligence02Physical computation03Complex systems04Experimental engineering

01 / THE STARTING POINT

Start with
observation.
Follow the question.

Are our current machines using the right physical and mathematical foundations for intelligence?

This question gives the lab its direction. We examine observations, develop explanations, and make unusual ideas precise enough to investigate through mathematics, computational experiments, and working prototypes.

The story behind the lab

02 / RESEARCH DIRECTIONS

Questions we’re pursuing.

View the research agenda

Six directions. One habit: follow an observation until it becomes a question we can examine.

01Foundations of intelligence

The energy cost of intelligence

What does intelligence cost in physical terms?

A framework for comparing the energy required for specific cognitive tasks, with performance, system boundaries, and measurement kept in view.

Research agendaRead the question
02Foundations of intelligence

Quantum-cognitive models

Could a different mathematical language reveal a different way to model cognition?

Explore what quantum probability and related formal models could contribute to learning, memory, and reasoning, alongside explicit classical comparisons.

Research agendaRead the question
03Foundations of intelligence

Computation inspired by biology

Which mechanisms in nature could change how we build machines?

Investigate biological mechanisms as sources of precise computational ideas, from adaptive networks to the physical organization of information and energy transfer.

Research agendaRead the question
04Foundations of intelligence

AI’s DWDM moment

What change could unlock substantially more useful intelligence from existing compute?

Use the expansion of fiber capacity as a research analogy: look for architectural changes that increase useful work per unit of computing infrastructure.

Research agendaRead the question
05Emergence & prediction

Emergence and the limits of prediction

When do local interactions produce a pattern we can reliably anticipate?

Study the relationship between simple rules, collective behavior, uncertainty, and forecasting through bounded mathematical models and computational experiments.

Research agendaRead the question
06Emergence & prediction

Seismic models of financial stress

Can the mathematics of stress and failure help us understand financial instability?

Translate a physical analogy into a testable model of market stress, then assess its usefulness against established risk measures and unseen periods.

Research agendaRead the question

03 / A CENTER OF GRAVITY

Connected questions.
A focused scope.

CORE PROGRAM

Foundations of intelligence

Investigate how physical substrates, energy, memory, and mathematical representation shape what machines can do.

ADJACENT PROGRAM

Emergence & prediction

Explore how interactions produce collective behavior, and where uncertainty limits our ability to anticipate it.

OPEN NOTEBOOK

Room for the unexpected

A wider space for frontier physics, consciousness, cryptographic limits, and philosophical inquiry.

Explore the open questions

04 / HOW WE INVESTIGATE

Make the idea precise.
Let evidence change it.

Read our method
  1. 01

    Observe

    Begin with a phenomenon, a discrepancy, or a pattern that deserves a closer look.

  2. 02

    Find the pattern

    Compare observations. Look for relationships, exceptions, and competing interpretations.

  3. 03

    Propose explanations

    Develop more than one plausible explanation and identify what each assumes.

  4. 04

    Formalize

    Use mathematics or a computational model to make the idea precise and derive its consequences.

  5. 05

    Test

    Use measurements, simulations, or prototypes. Compare with a baseline and look for evidence against the proposal.

  6. 06

    Revise & share

    Refine or abandon the model. Document assumptions, results, limitations, and the next question.

05 / THE NOTEBOOK

The thinking behind the work.

A home for research papers, lab notes, computational experiments, and video explanations as they are published.

Open the notebook

OPEN TO COLLABORATION

Bring a question.
Let’s examine it.

Observations, challenges, and ideas worth pursuing.

Start a conversation